A comunidad de bienes is common ownership of a thing or right, not a separately registered housing cooperative or limited-liability company. Civil Code art. 392 defines undivided common ownership; arts. 393–400 regulate quotas, use, administration, transfer and partition. Regional/foral civil rules must be checked. Ordinary co-ownership does not create an asset lock or durable collective tenure automatically.
Art. 398 administration follows majority interests, while alterations have different consent rules; art. 399 allows transfer/mortgage of a share, and art. 400 normally permits a co-owner to request partition, subject to a limited-duration agreement. Lender/title/exit agreements are therefore critical for a jointly buying group. Do not promise company-style limited liability or perpetual protection from partition.
RD 326/2026 art. 8 requires groups lacking legal personality to identify each member’s execution commitment and allocated grant amount. Individual building/home rehabilitation lines also name specified grouped owners, but this is not blanket eligibility for every informal comunidad de bienes. A later horizontal-property regime is distinct from initial joint-land ownership.